Tolkien: biografia in inglese

TOLKIEN BIOGRAFIA

J.R.R.Tolkien and his "false epic".

John Ronald Ruel Tolkien (03.01.1892 – 02.09.1973) was an English philologist, writer and university professor who is best known as the author of the Trilogy of the Lord of the Rings (The Company of the Ring; The Two Towers; The Return of the King), as well as many other work.
In fact, in addition to the Trilogy, Tolkien’s published fiction includes The Hobbit, The Silmarillion and other posthumously published books (most of them were compiled from Tolkien’s notes by his son Christopher) covering a period that goes from 1917 (the first version of The Sirmarillion) to the death of the author in 1973.
Together, all books, are a connected body of tales, fictional histories, invented languages and literary essays about an imagined world called Arda, and Middle-earth (derived from Old English word “middangeard”, that is the land inhabitable by human), in particular, loosely identified as an “alternative” remote past of our own world.
Tolkien applied the word “legendarium” to the totality of these writings.

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TOLKIEN BIOGRAFIA BREVE

The great success and enduring influence of his work have led to him being popularly and identified as “the father of modern fantasy literature".
Tolkien was an Oxford professor of Anglo-Saxon language (from 1925 to 1945) and English language and literature (from 1945 to 1959) and with the cycle of his works he tried to recreate and imitate the ancient sagas and Nordic legends that he studied  and taught for all the life.
 This imitative will is obvious in many details, first of all in the choice of some characters as the Elves, the Dwarves, the Ogres, the Dragons, all typical ones of the Nordic sagas, and also, for example, in the choice of many names, like some Ogres’ names, that are taken by Nordic poems, or as the Middle-Earth, where the vicissitudes of The Lord of the Rings happened and that it is so called because situated between the tenebrous West of the Gentlemen of Badly, Sauron, and the luminous East of the Gods, Valars, rulers of the world, that recalls very close Midgar, the ancient Scandinavian word meanings “Earth”, situated between Hel (hell) and Asgard, the fabulous city of Gods leaded by Odin.

TOLKIEN SCRITTORE

Remarkable are loans from the Arthurian cycle: Gandalf , the wizard, is a kind  of  Merlin; Aragon seems an invincible knight like Lancelot; characters’ travels recall the travels of the Arthurian errant knights, as they take place in a natural scenery where several cities and kingdom stand out.
Also the long and dangerous search of the volcano in Mordor’s land, where the ring must be destroyed, recalls the hard search of the Holy Graal in the Arthurian cycle and similarly who will find the Holy Graal (Galaad, Lancelot’s son) ascend the sky near God, at the end of Tolkien’s work the ring- bearer, Bilbo and Frodo, will sail on Elves’ ships towards the luminous East.

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